Beyond Science Ltd.
Detailed description of
poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)
PHBとは、ケトン体が鎖状に繋がった天然の化合物
poly-hydroxybutyrate(PHB) is accumulated as an energy substrate material in the cells of bacteria that live in seas and lakes. It seems that bacteria are like insurance when they run out of energy. of the volume of bacteria80%More thanPHBscan be purified by a relatively simple operation.
History as a biodegradable plastic
PHBsteethFor a long time, its potential as a raw material for biodegradable plastics has been pointed out. However, the structure is very fragile, and the practical application as a plastic is still limited.
Potential as a prebiotic
However, in recent years, it is expected to be applied in other fields.
It is possible that this substance may have a positive effect on the intestinal flora because it is degraded by bacteria, ie as a "prebiotic".
We are aiming for this "prebiotics with ketone bodies".
Because it is almost tasteless and odorless (it tastes slightly like milk) and has fine particles, it is thought to be suitable as a pet food material that satisfies the palatability of dogs and cats.
腸内細菌に届く
poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a polymerized compound of ketone bodies. mammals arePHBsBecause it cannot be decomposed, it passes through the small intestine and reaches the large intestine, where it is taken up by intestinal bacteria living in the mucous membrane that covers the large intestine epithelium and is hydrolyzed by the enzymes inside. Ketone bodies are released in the intestinal flora, and short-chain fatty acids such as butyric acid, acetic acid, and propionic acid increase in the intestinal flora, thereby helping to maintain optimal colon health.
In addition, ketone bodies that are not utilized by intestinal bacteria diffuse into the colon lumen and enter the blood circulation of mammals through colon epithelial cells, contributing to health maintenance.
ケトバイオティクスとして働く
１、腸内細菌叢の酪酸・酢酸・プロピオン酸といった短鎖脂肪酸を維持して、腸内細菌たちのための理想的な環境をキープするお手伝いが可能です。
（生後90日齢のマイクロミニブタに2%のPHBを40日間混餌で与えたデータ）
ケトン供与体として働く
２、さらにケトン供与体として、腸内細菌叢でのケトン体（エネルギー基質）が充足した状態を保つお手伝いが可能なため、哺乳類の免疫力の維持にも貢献できます。
非常に安定した物質
まず酸化還元されることがほぼ無いため、
腐敗などの心配が少ないとされる物質です。
実際、安定性試験（加速試験）においては、4年に値する期間を経過しても、分子量の変化がほとんど見られませんでした。
分子量10000以上の割合（％）
サンプル0 スタ ート時 99.4
サンプル3 3ヵ月40℃保存後 99.0
サンプル6 6ヵ月40℃保存後 99.1
サンプル8 8ヵ月40℃保存後 99.2
（加速条件(40℃)における試験において、
少なくとも常温で48か月の安定性が推定された。）
Patented
PHBs(Polyhydroxybutyric acid) is patented.
patent7138391 Patent 6571298
Paper presentation
In recent years,PHBsResearchers around the world are paying attention to its role as a prebiotic.
Here are some of the papers published as the result of their research.
Literature: Fernández J, Saettone P, Franchini MC, Villar CJ, Lombó F. Antitumor bioactivity and gut microbiota modulation of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) in a rat animal model for colorectal cancer. Int J Biol Macromol. 2022 Apr 1;203:638- 649. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.112. Epub 2022 Jan 25. PMID: 35090944.
Reference: Ma, N., Guo, P., Chen, J. et al. Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate alleviated diarrhea and colitis via Lactobacillus johnsonii biofilm-mediated maturation of sulfomucin. Sci. China Life Sci. (2022). //doi.org/10.1007/s11427-022-2213-6
Literature: Suzuki R, Mishima M, Nagane M, Mizugaki H, Suzuki T, Komuro M, Shimizu T, Fukuyama T, Takeda S, Ogata M, Miyamoto T, Aihara N, Kamiie J, Kamisuki S, Yokaryo H, Yamashita T, Satoh T. The novel sustained 3-hydroxybutyrate donor poly-D-3-hydroxybutyric acid prevents inflammatory bowel disease through upregulation of regulatory T-cells. FASEB J. 2023 Jan;37(1):e22708.
Literature:Satoh T. New prebiotics by ketone donation. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Jul;34(7):414-425. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.05.001. Epub 2023 Jun 2. PMID: 37271711.
Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism 2023 in press の表紙に採用されたポリヒドロキシ酪酸と酪酸菌のイメージ図
【酪酸菌を活性化する次世代プレバイオティクスの論文発表 ジャーナル表紙に採用】として一部のニュースサイトで掲載されています
★ミニ情報 １★
PHBが腸内細菌たちに届くと。。。
腸内細菌でエネルギー基質であるケトン体が放出され、腸内細菌叢で利用されます。
★ミニ情報 ２★
エネルギーが十分で腸内細菌たちが元気でいてくれれば。。。
★ 好ましい割合の善玉菌を維持して腸内細菌叢の理想的な状態を保ち、良好な便通を保つことが可能になります。
★ 腸内細菌叢で短鎖脂肪酸や制御性T細胞の理想的な量を維持できるため、免疫力を保つことが可能になります。
★ 脳腸相関により健康的な脳の状態を維持することが可能になります。
★ 腸腎相関により健康的な腎臓の状態を維持することが可能になります。
*PHB is planned to be sold as pet food, pet supplement, pet therapeutic food, or feed additive. Human approval is not currently available.